NanoComposites based on exfoliated clays were developed at Toyota in Japan during the 80’s and are today used in various automotive applications. They may be classified in traditional phase separated microcomposites, ordered intercalated nanocompoites and disordered exfoliated nanocomposites, depending on degree of exfoliation and order.

For the pulp and paper industry the most interesting composite materials are new types of barrier coatings, particularly those based on biodegradable polymers such as polyesters, starches etc.

NanoComposites based on Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC) are a more recent addition to the nanocompoite portfolio of new materials.

Films made from MFC are the strongest cellulose based material made by man and can easily be used as reinforcement in various matrix materials. Primary hurdles for the production of such materials include nanodispersion, rheology features and compatibility between the nanofibres and the matrix materials.